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Respiratory rhythmicity in the cat.

M I Cohen, M F Piercey, P M Gootman

    Federation Proceedings
    |July 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary
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    This study explores how brain stem respiratory neurons in cats respond to CO2, lung inflation, and electrical stimulation. Findings reveal complex neural interactions and feedback loops governing respiratory rhythm generation.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Respiratory Physiology

    Background:

    • The neural control of breathing is complex, involving brain stem networks.
    • Understanding respiratory neuron activity is crucial for respiratory control research.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate brain stem respiratory neuron activity in relation to phrenic nerve output.
    • To analyze neuronal responses to various physiological and electrical stimuli.
    • To model the respiratory oscillator based on observed neural interactions.

    Main Methods:

    • Recording cat brain stem respiratory neuron activity.
    • Applying forcing inputs: CO2 tension changes, lung inflation (Brugs-Hering reflex), and electrical stimulation of the pneumotaxic center.
    • Utilizing auto- and cross-correlation analysis to identify neural interactions.

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  • Developing a computational model of the respiratory oscillator.

    • Main Results:

    • Hypocapnia alters neuron firing patterns, causing disappearance or conversion to tonic activity.
    • Lung inflation elicits both classical and paradoxical neuronal responses.
    • Electrical stimulation of the pneumotaxic center induces phase-switching with sharp, timing-dependent thresholds.
    • Short-term interactions were identified between medullary inspiratory (I) neurons, expiratory (E) neurons, and phrenic motoneurons.

    Conclusions:

    • Recurrent excitatory and inhibitory loops explain the conversion of tonic to phasic activity and respiratory phase switching.
    • The study provides insights into the mechanisms underlying respiratory rhythm generation and control.
    • A model is presented that integrates these findings to describe respiratory oscillator function.