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Related Experiment Videos

Translation and competition among internal representations in a reverse Stroop effect.

Frank H Durgin1

  • 1Department of Psychology, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, Pennsylvania 19081, USA. fdurgin1@swarthmore.edu

Perception & Psychophysics
|June 6, 2003
PubMed
Summary

This study on the reverse Stroop effect found that internal competition, not external factors, significantly drives interference. The findings highlight the importance of internal representations in cognitive tasks.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Experimental Psychology

Background:

  • The Stroop effect demonstrates interference in reaction time when processing conflicting stimuli.
  • The reverse Stroop effect involves identifying the meaning of incongruent stimuli, complicated by irrelevant visual features.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the roles of internal and external competition in the reverse Stroop effect.
  • To determine the primary source of interference in this specific cognitive task.

Main Methods:

  • Two experiments were conducted using a reverse Stroop paradigm.
  • Participants identified the verbal meaning of incongruent stimuli by pointing to matching color patches.
  • Task variations included altering response methods (pointing vs. keypress).

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Main Results:

  • Interference was greater when irrelevant print colors were potential response options.
  • Significantly more interference occurred when irrelevant print colors were part of the target set.
  • Similar interference patterns were observed across different response modalities.

Conclusions:

  • Competition among internal representations is the primary driver of Stroop interference.
  • External factors like stimulus or response competition play a lesser role.
  • Findings support translation models of Stroop interference.