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Updated: Aug 12, 2026

Encapsulation and Permeability Characteristics of Plasma Polymerized Hollow Particles
Published on: August 16, 2012
Extreme superheating and supercooling of encapsulated metals in fullerenelike shells
F Banhart1, E Hernández, M Terrones
1Z. E. Elektronenmikroskopie, Universtät Ulm, 89069 Ulm, Germany. Florian.Banhart@physik.uni-ulm.dr
Abstract:
Nanometer-sized tin and lead crystals exhibit drastically altered melting and solidification behavior when encapsulated in fullerenelike graphitic shells. The melting transitions of encapsulated Sn and Pb nanocrystals are shown in an in situ electron microscopy study to occur at unexpectedly high temperatures, significantly higher than the melting point of the corresponding bulk materials. Atomistic simulations are used to show that the driving force for superheating is a pressure buildup of up to 3 GPa, that prevails inside graphitic shells under electron irradiation.
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