Evaluating and synthesizing qualitative research: the need to develop a distinctive approach.

Area of Science:

• Social Sciences
• Health Research Methodology

Background:

• Qualitative research is increasingly recognized for its value in evidence synthesis.
• Distinct differences exist between qualitative and quantitative research methodologies.
• Existing systematic review models, developed for quantitative data, may not be optimal for qualitative research.

Purpose of the Study:

• To outline the distinctive contributions of qualitative research.
• To propose a new model for evaluating and synthesizing qualitative evidence.
• To critically examine assumptions in systematic review processes.

Main Methods:

• Identifying the unique aspects of qualitative research: curiosity, iterative process, data handling, analysis, and findings.
• Critiquing standard systematic review procedures (literature searching, material selection).
• Suggesting creative engagement with qualitative evaluation concepts (purposive sampling, triangulation, grounded theory).

Main Results:

• Qualitative research possesses unique characteristics that require tailored evaluation methods.
• Standard systematic review templates are insufficient for qualitative evidence synthesis.
• A new, distinctive model for qualitative evidence synthesis is proposed, adaptable from quantitative review considerations.

Conclusions:

• A novel approach is needed for evaluating and synthesizing qualitative research, respecting its unique nature.
• Over-prescriptive application of quantitative checklists can hinder qualitative research evaluation.
• The proposed model offers a more appropriate framework for qualitative evidence synthesis and may inform quantitative review processes.