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Related Experiment Videos

Dextran-mediated interbacterial aggregation between dextran-synthesizing streptococci and Actinomyces viscosus.

G Bourgeau, B C McBride

    Infection and Immunity
    |April 1, 1976
    PubMed
    Summary

    Streptococcus bacteria form large aggregates on Actinomyces viscosus surfaces, mediated by dextran. This microbial aggregation is crucial for biofilm formation and is influenced by various factors.

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    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Oral Health
    • Bacterial Interactions

    Background:

    • Streptococcus sanguis and Streptococcus mutans are key oral bacteria.
    • Actinomyces viscosus is another common inhabitant of the oral cavity.
    • Microbial aggregation plays a significant role in oral biofilm development.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the mechanism of microbial aggregation between Streptococcus species and Actinomyces viscosus.
    • To identify the role of dextran in mediating this aggregation.
    • To understand the factors influencing the stability and formation of these microbial aggregates.

    Main Methods:

    • Studying the binding of glucose-grown and sucrose-grown streptococci to Actinomyces viscosus.
    • Investigating the effect of exogenous high-molecular-weight dextran on aggregation.

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  • Testing the influence of pH, cations, heat, protease, and dextranase on the aggregating activity.

    • Main Results:

    • Dextran mediates the binding of Streptococcus sanguis and Streptococcus mutans to Actinomyces viscosus, forming stable aggregates.
    • Glucose-grown streptococci require exogenous dextran for aggregation, while sucrose-grown streptococci aggregate without it.
    • Actinomyces viscosus binds dextran, which then facilitates Streptococcus binding.
    • Aggregation is cation-dependent and occurs over a wide pH range.
    • The aggregating activity of Actinomyces viscosus is sensitive to protease and heat, while Streptococcus sanguis activity is heat-stable but sensitive to dextranase.

    Conclusions:

    • Dextran is a critical mediator for the aggregation of Streptococcus species onto Actinomyces viscosus.
    • The formation of these large microbial aggregates is a complex process influenced by bacterial growth conditions and environmental factors.
    • Understanding this dextran-mediated aggregation is vital for comprehending oral biofilm structure and developing targeted interventions.