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Related Experiment Videos

Long-term semantic transfer: an overlapping-operations account.

Andrea D Hughes1, Bruce W A Whittlesea

  • 1Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada.

Memory & Cognition
|June 11, 2003
PubMed
Summary
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Semantic priming effects can persist longer than previously thought, even across many trials. This study shows that demanding tasks, like category verification, reveal this extended semantic priming.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Experimental Psychology

Background:

  • Semantic priming, the facilitation of processing a target stimulus due to prior exposure to a related prime, is typically considered a transient cognitive phenomenon.
  • Previous research often employed simple tasks like word naming or lexical decision, potentially underestimating the duration of priming effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the longevity of semantic priming effects.
  • To determine if more demanding cognitive tasks reveal different priming durations compared to undemanding tasks.
  • To explore the specificity of observed priming effects concerning stimulus properties and task demands.

Main Methods:

  • Participants performed a category verification task, which is more cognitively demanding than typical lexical decision or naming tasks.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Semantic priming was assessed by measuring performance on target words following related or unrelated prime words.
  • The lag between prime and target, including intervening trials, was systematically varied.

    • Main Results:

    • Significant semantically mediated transfer was observed even at a substantial lag of 90 intervening trials, indicating prolonged semantic priming.
    • The observed priming was task-specific and dependent on the stimulus properties highlighted during the prime and probe displays.
    • This suggests that the nature of the task influences the persistence and characteristics of semantic priming.

    Conclusions:

    • Semantic priming effects can be remarkably long-lasting, particularly when assessed using cognitively demanding tasks like category verification.
    • The findings support an overlapping-operations framework, suggesting that cognitive processes involved in priming can extend over extended periods.
    • Task demands and stimulus salience critically modulate the manifestation and duration of semantic priming.