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Related Experiment Videos

The lithium/iodine battery: a historical perspective.

W Greatbatch1, C F Holmes

  • 1Greatbatch Gen-Aid, Ltd., Clarence, New York.

Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology : PACE
|November 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

Lithium/iodine-polyvinylpyridine batteries power cardiac pacemakers, showing over three times greater energy density today. This reliable battery technology has been implanted in over 2 million pacemakers.

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • The lithium/iodine-polyvinylpyridine battery has been the standard power source for cardiac pacemakers for two decades.
  • Continuous advancements in battery technology are crucial for improving medical device longevity and performance.

Observation:

  • Over the past 20 years, significant improvements have been made in the chemistry, design, and performance modeling of these pacemaker batteries.
  • Current cells demonstrate a more than threefold increase in energy density compared to earlier models from 1972.

Findings:

  • The lithium/iodine-polyvinylpyridine battery system has achieved excellent reliability in over 2 million implanted cardiac pacemakers.
  • Enhanced cell chemistry and design have led to substantial improvements in energy density.

Implications:

  • The advancements in battery technology promise longer-lasting pacemakers, reducing the need for frequent replacement surgeries.
  • The proven reliability of this power source supports its continued use and further development in critical medical applications.

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