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Chemistry beyond positivism.

Werner W Brandt1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 53201, USA. wwbrandt@uwm.edu

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
|June 11, 2003
PubMed
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Chemistry involves more than just facts; tacit knowledge and values shape scientific discovery. Understanding these hidden aspects leads to a more connected and holistic view of chemistry.

Area of Science:

  • Philosophy of Science
  • Chemical Epistemology

Background:

  • Chemistry is often perceived as a purely factual, value-free discipline adhering to positivist ideals.
  • However, values, meanings, and purpose are implicitly integrated into chemical practice and discovery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the nature of knowledge in early-stage chemical discovery.
  • To investigate how the reality chemists seek influences their search for understanding.
  • To analyze the paradox between positivism and non-formulable aspects of scientific reasoning.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of tacit knowledge theory, particularly Polanyi's contributions.
  • Examination of the limitations of language in describing scientific reality and experimental results.
  • Conceptual analysis of the relationship between positivism and subjective elements in chemistry.

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Main Results:

  • Tacit knowledge plays a crucial role in the early stages of chemical discovery.
  • The search for chemical reality is influenced by the very act of seeking.
  • A strictly positivist approach is insufficient; a balance with non-formulable aspects is necessary.
  • This leads to a 'connected' chemistry that considers broader implications.

Conclusions:

  • Chemistry is deeply intertwined with values and meanings, extending beyond empirical facts.
  • Recognizing tacit knowledge and linguistic limitations fosters a more comprehensive understanding of chemical science.
  • A 'connected' chemistry approach enhances the image of chemistry, addresses societal challenges for chemists, and improves chemistry education.