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Cord vessel compression by an expanding allantoic cyst: case report
C Battaglia1, P G Artini, G D'Ambrogio
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Modena, Modena, Italy.
Summary
This case report highlights an expanding allantoic cyst compressing the umbilical cord, detected via ultrasound. This antenatal finding, evidenced by Doppler velocimetry changes and fetal distress, led to a Cesarean section delivery.
Area of Science:
- Perinatology
- Fetal Medicine
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Umbilical cord masses are rare and frequently misdiagnosed via ultrasound.
- Ultrasound evaluation of the umbilical cord is often insufficient.
Purpose of the Study:
- To report a case of an allantoic cyst causing umbilical cord compression.
- To document antenatal evidence of cord compression by an expanding allantoic cyst.
Main Methods:
- A case of a 4.3 x 3.2 cm anechoic cystic umbilical mass was identified.
- Doppler examination revealed a high resistance index (0.84) proximal to the cyst.
- Serial ultrasound and cardiotocography monitored fetal well-being and cyst progression.
Main Results:
- The umbilical cyst enlarged to 5.0 x 4.5 cm, with worsened Doppler velocimetry showing absent end-diastolic flow.
- Cardiotocography demonstrated fetal distress (bradycardia, non-reactive trace, late decelerations).
- Pathological examination confirmed an allantoic cyst.
Conclusions:
- This is the first reported case demonstrating antenatal evidence of umbilical cord compression by an expanding allantoic cyst.
- Early detection and monitoring of such rare umbilical cord masses are crucial for fetal outcomes.