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[Pain therapy in acute pediatric diseases and vaccination]
1Vestische Kinderklinik Datteln, Universität Witten/Herdecke.
Insights
Effective pain management is crucial for children, especially during procedures and acute illnesses. Inadequate pain relief can lead to complications and increased treatment failure, highlighting the need for comprehensive analgesia strategies.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric medicine
- Pain management
- Anesthesiology
Context:
- Pain is a primary reason for pediatric visits, particularly procedural pain during scheduled appointments.
- Incomplete analgesia in children can negatively impact health outcomes, increasing morbidity and mortality.
- Pain assessment in pediatric burns is often underestimated and does not correlate with burn severity.
Purpose:
- To review current pain management strategies in pediatric care, focusing on burns and procedural pain.
- To discuss the consequences of insufficient analgesia, including increased analgesic needs and treatment failure.
- To cover pain associated with acute pediatric illnesses and the role of local anesthesia and non-pharmacologic methods.
Summary:
- Pain management in pediatric burns requires general anesthesia or analgo-sedation due to underestimation and lack of correlation with burn extent.
- Insufficient analgesia leads to higher analgesic requirements and treatment failure in subsequent procedures.
- The article addresses pain from otitis media, pharyngitis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, purpura fulminans, and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis, including injection pain and non-pharmacologic therapies.
Impact:
- Highlights the critical need for adequate pain management to prevent adverse health consequences in children.
- Emphasizes the importance of multimodal pain relief, including pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic approaches.
- Provides a comprehensive overview for clinicians managing pain in pediatric patients across various conditions and procedures.
Abstract:
PHENOMENON PAIN: While pain is one of the main reasons for an unscheduled visit to the paediatrician, pain due to painful procedures is of major importance in scheduled visits. Actual pain therapy is illustrated in the treatment of burns. Incomplete analgesia may have an unfavourable impact on morbidity and mortality. The pain score does not correlate with the extent of the burned area, and is regularly underestimated. General anaesthesia or analgo-sedation are warranted during the care of the burned patient. INSUFFICIENT ANALGESIA: Consequence of insufficient analgesia during primary care is an increased need of analgesics, and an increased pain treatment failure rate during subsequent procedures. Pain is interfering with anxiety, sleep disturbances and post-traumatic psychologic alterations. All those symptoms must be treated adequately. ACUTE ILLNESS AND INJECTIONS: This article covers pain from otitis media, pharyngitis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, purpura fulminans, Toxic Epidermal Nekrolysis, as well as the usage of local anaesthesia during injections, not to forget the application of non-pharmacologic methods for pain therapy and prophylaxis.