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Labeling and delinquency.

Mike S Adams1, Craig T Robertson, Phyllis Gray-Ray

  • 1Department of Sociology, Anthropology, and Criminal Justice, University of North Carolina at Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina 28403, USA. adamsm@uncwil.edu

Adolescence
|June 14, 2003
PubMed
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This study explored how negative self-labeling in incarcerated youth relates to delinquency. Findings suggest that more negative self-perceptions predict increased general and serious delinquent behavior, but not drug offenses.

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Criminology
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Negative labeling and self-concept are critical factors in adolescent development.
  • Understanding the impact of perceived labeling on juvenile behavior is essential for intervention.
  • Previous research indicates a link between social stigma and negative outcomes in youth.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine a novel procedure for measuring perceived negative labeling in incarcerated youth.
  • To investigate the relationship between the degree of negative self-labeling and the frequency of delinquent involvement.
  • To determine if perceived labeling predicts general, serious, and drug-related offenses.

Main Methods:

  • Developed and utilized an index of six contrasting descriptive adjectives to quantify perceived negative labeling.

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  • Assessed perceptions of labeling from the viewpoints of parents, teachers, and peers.
  • Correlated labeling scores with self-reported delinquent behaviors.

    • Main Results:

    • Provided partial support for the hypothesis linking negative self-labeling to delinquent involvement.
    • Labeling variables were significant predictors for general and serious forms of delinquency.
    • Perceived labeling did not significantly predict drug-related offenses.

    Conclusions:

    • The measurement procedure offers a valid approach to assessing perceived negative labeling.
    • Negative self-perceptions are associated with increased engagement in general and serious delinquency among incarcerated youth.
    • The predictive power of labeling on delinquency may be offense-specific, excluding drug-related activities.