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Prophylactic effect of lipoic acid against adriamycin-induced peroxidative damages in rat kidney
Kumaravel Palanichamy Malarkodi1, Andithangal Venkatesan Balachandar, Rajagopalan Sivaprasad
1Department of Medical Biochemistry, Dr. A.L.M., Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani, Chennai, India.
Unlabelled:
Adriamycin (ADR), which is widely used in the treatment of various neoplastic conditions, exerts toxic effects in many organs. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of lipoic acid (LA) against acute ADR induced peroxidative damages in rat kidney. The study was carried out with adult male albino rats of Wistar strain, which comprised of one control and three experimental groups. Group I rats served as controls. Group II rats received ADR (7.5mg/kg body weight) intravenously through the tail vein. Group III rats were given LA (75 mg/kg body weight) intraperitoneally. Group IV rats were given LA one day before the administration of ADR. Rats subjected to ADR administration showed a decline in the thiol capacity of the cell accompanied by high malondialdehyde (MDA) levels along with lowered activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) glutathione (GSH) and GSH metabolizing enzymes (glutathione reductase (GR), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)). However no significant change was observed in the activity of glutathione-S-transferees (GST). Pretreatment with LA showed considerable changes over oxidative stress parameters. Nephrotoxic damage was evident from the decrease in the activities of gamma-glutamyl transferase (gamma-GT) and beta-glucuronidase (beta-GLU), which were reverted upon LA pretreatment.
Conclusion:
This study has highlighted the beneficial effects of LA pretreatment in reversing the damages caused by ADR, by bringing about an improvement in the reductive status of the cell.
Insights
Lipoic acid (LA) pretreatment effectively reversed Adriamycin (ADR)-induced kidney damage in rats. This study demonstrates LA
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Toxicology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Adriamycin (ADR) is a widely used chemotherapy agent with known nephrotoxic side effects.
- Oxidative stress plays a significant role in ADR-induced organ damage.
- Lipoic acid (LA) is a potent antioxidant with potential protective properties.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the protective effects of lipoic acid (LA) against acute Adriamycin (ADR)-induced nephrotoxicity in rats.
- To evaluate the impact of LA on oxidative stress markers in the kidney following ADR administration.
Main Methods:
- Adult male Wistar rats were divided into control, ADR-treated, LA-treated, and LA-pretreated groups.
- ADR was administered intravenously, while LA was given intraperitoneally.
- Kidney function and oxidative stress markers, including malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and various enzyme activities (CAT, SOD, GPx, GR, G6PD, gamma-GT, beta-GLU), were assessed.
Main Results:
- ADR administration led to increased lipid peroxidation (elevated MDA) and decreased antioxidant capacity (reduced GSH and enzyme activities).
- Nephrotoxicity was indicated by reduced gamma-glutamyl transferase (gamma-GT) and beta-glucuronidase (beta-GLU) activities.
- Lipoic acid pretreatment significantly ameliorated these ADR-induced oxidative stress and nephrotoxic effects, restoring enzyme activities and antioxidant status.
Conclusions:
- Lipoic acid pretreatment demonstrates significant nephroprotective effects against Adriamycin-induced toxicity in rats.
- LA improves the cellular reductive status and mitigates oxidative damage, highlighting its therapeutic potential.
