Towards a European tephrochronological framework for Termination 1 and the Early Holocene

Area of Science:

• Geosciences
• Paleoclimatology
• Volcanology

Background:

• Tephra deposits in Europe and the North Atlantic from 18.5-8.0 (14)C ka BP (Last Termination and Early Holocene) are crucial for paleoclimate reconstruction.
• Previous tephra identification relied heavily on visible layers, limiting geographical coverage.
• Four main volcanic provinces (Iceland, Eifel, Massif Central, Italy) have been identified as sources for 34 tephras in this period.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore the potential of micro-tephra detection and geochemical analysis for extending tephrostratigraphic records.
• To demonstrate the application of these methods in both Northern and Southern Europe.
• To assess the feasibility of establishing a robust European tephrostratigraphy for improved chronological control.

Main Methods:

• Reviewing existing tephra deposition records from Europe and the North Atlantic.
• Searching for non-visible micro-tephra layers in geological sequences.
• Employing geochemical methods for correlating micro-tephra layers with known tephra horizons.

Main Results:

• The study successfully extended the traceable area of the Vedde Ash in Northern Europe using micro-tephra analysis.
• A distinct micro-tephra layer of the Neapolitan Yellow Tuff was identified in the Northern Apennines, Italy, significantly north of visible records.
• This demonstrates the effectiveness of micro-tephra and geochemical correlation in Southern Europe.

Conclusions:

• Micro-tephra detection and geochemical analysis are powerful tools for expanding the geographical reach of tephrostratigraphy.
• These advanced methods can significantly improve the chronological framework for the Last Termination and Early Holocene.
• A robust European tephrostratigraphy will enhance our understanding of abrupt climate change events and their environmental impacts.