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Related Experiment Videos

Antidepressants for smoking cessation.

J R Hughes1, L F Stead, T Lancaster

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, 38 Fletcher Place, Burlington, Vermont 05401-1419, USA. john.hughes@uvm.edu

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|June 14, 2003
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Antidepressants bupropion and nortriptyline can help individuals quit smoking. However, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors like fluoxetine were not found to be effective for smoking cessation.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Addiction Medicine
  • Clinical Trials

Background:

  • Depression can be a symptom of nicotine withdrawal, and smoking cessation may trigger depression.
  • Nicotine may possess antidepressant properties that sustain smoking behavior.
  • Antidepressant medications may serve as a substitute for nicotine's antidepressant effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of antidepressant medications in achieving long-term smoking cessation.
  • To review various antidepressants including bupropion, doxepin, fluoxetine, imipramine, moclobemide, nortriptyline, paroxetine, selegiline, sertraline, tryptophan, and venlafaxine.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted a systematic review of randomized controlled trials comparing antidepressant drugs to placebo for smoking cessation.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Included trials with a minimum of six months follow-up for meta-analysis.
  • Extracted data on study population, drug therapy, outcomes, randomization, and follow-up completeness; primary outcome was smoking abstinence.

    • Main Results:

    • Bupropion (16 trials) and nortriptyline (5 trials) significantly increased the odds of smoking cessation (OR 1.97 and 2.80, respectively).
    • Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) like fluoxetine did not demonstrate efficacy in aiding smoking cessation.
    • Combination therapy with bupropion and nicotine patch showed a marginal benefit in one study but not consistently.

    Conclusions:

    • The antidepressants bupropion and nortriptyline are effective aids for long-term smoking cessation.
    • Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are not effective for smoking cessation.
    • Further research may be needed to explore long-term benefits of extended bupropion therapy for relapse prevention.