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Related Experiment Videos

Amniotic fluid hormone profiles during normal and abnormal pregnancy.

A Sarandakou1, D Kassanos, I Phocas

  • 12nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Areteion University Hospital, Athens, Greece.

Clinical and Experimental Obstetrics & Gynecology
|January 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

This study measured pregnancy hormones in amniotic fluid and maternal serum across normal and abnormal pregnancies. Hormone levels varied significantly between normal and abnormal conditions, offering insights into pregnancy complications.

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Clinical chemistry

Background:

  • Pregnancy involves complex hormonal changes.
  • Maternal serum and amniotic fluid contain key pregnancy biomarkers.
  • Understanding hormone dynamics is crucial for monitoring pregnancy health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze and compare levels of specific hormones in amniotic fluid and maternal serum during normal and abnormal pregnancies.
  • To investigate the trends of chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), placental lactogen (HPL), pregnancy-specific beta 1-glycoprotein (SP1), estrogens (ET), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), and prolactin (PRL) throughout gestation.
  • To correlate hormone profiles with various pregnancy complications.

Main Methods:

  • Enzyme-immunoassays were used to quantify HCG, HPL, SP1, ET, AFP, and PRL.

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  • Samples were collected from 50 normal and 37 abnormal pregnancies between the 16th and 40th weeks of gestation.
  • Hormone concentrations were analyzed in both amniotic fluid (AF) and maternal serum (MS).

    • Main Results:

    • In normal pregnancies, HCG, AFP, and PRL decreased after 20 weeks, while HPL and SP1 increased and ET rose until term.
    • Hormone ratios (MS/AF) generally increased from the second to the third trimester.
    • Abnormal pregnancies showed distinct patterns: elevated placental hormones and low PRL in polyhydramnios; low AFP in erythroblastosis and diabetes; altered hormone levels in toxemia, anencephaly, hydrocephalus, and chromosomal anomalies.

    Conclusions:

    • Hormone profiles in amniotic fluid and maternal serum differ significantly and change dynamically throughout pregnancy.
    • Specific alterations in HCG, HPL, SP1, ET, AFP, and PRL levels are indicative of various pregnancy complications.
    • These measurements can serve as valuable diagnostic markers for identifying and managing abnormal pregnancy conditions.