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Nitrate in polluted mountainous catchments with Mediterranean climates.

T Meixner1, M Fenn, M Poth

  • 1Department of Environmental Sciences, Unversity of California, Riverside 92521, USA. thomas.meixner@ucr.edu

Thescientificworldjournal
|June 14, 2003
PubMed
Summary

High nitrogen deposition impacts southern California streams, with perennial streams showing elevated nitrate levels unlike ephemeral ones. This suggests aquatic systems are more sensitive to nitrogen pollution in Mediterranean climates.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Ecology
  • Hydrology

Background:

  • Southern California mountains experience high atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition, leading to elevated nitrate (NO3-) in some streams.
  • A significant difference in NO3- concentrations exists between perennial (approx. 200 µmol L−1) and ephemeral (approx. 20 µmol L−1) streams.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the source of high NO3- in San Bernardino Mountain streams.
  • To understand the differential impact of N deposition on terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems in Mediterranean climates.
  • To assess the applicability of the N saturation concept in semiarid Mediterranean systems.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of NO3- concentrations in perennial and ephemeral streams.
  • Evaluation of N deposition rates and their correlation with stream chemistry.

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  • Assessment of temporal asynchrony between N deposition, soil availability, and plant uptake.

    • Main Results:

    • Groundwater is identified as the primary source of NO3- in streams.
    • Aquatic systems show a faster response to N deposition compared to terrestrial systems.
    • Temporal asynchrony between N deposition, soil NO3- leaching, and plant N demand influences ecosystem response.

    Conclusions:

    • Mediterranean aquatic ecosystems are impacted more rapidly by N deposition than terrestrial ones.
    • Extrapolation of N impacts from humid to Mediterranean climates is unreliable.
    • The concept of N saturation may require re-evaluation for semiarid, seasonally dry ecosystems.