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Related Concept Videos

The Nitrogen Cycle01:49

The Nitrogen Cycle

Nitrogen atoms, present in all proteins and DNA, are recycled between abiotic and biotic components of the ecosystem. However, the primary form of nitrogen on Earth is nitrogen gas, which cannot be used by most animals and plants. Thus, nitrogen gas must first be converted into a usable form by nitrogen-fixing bacteria before it can be cycled through other living organisms. The use of nitrogen-containing fertilizers and animal waste products in human agriculture has greatly influenced the...
Key Elements for Plant Nutrition02:35

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Like all living organisms, plants require organic and inorganic nutrients to survive, reproduce, grow and maintain homeostasis. To identify nutrients that are essential for plant functioning, researchers have leveraged a technique called hydroponics. In hydroponic culture systems, plants are grown—without soil—in water-based solutions containing nutrients. At least 17 nutrients have been identified as essential elements required by plants. Plants acquire these elements from the atmosphere, the...
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Overview of Nitrogen Metabolism

Nitrogen is a very important element for life because it is a major constituent of proteins and nucleic acids. It is a macronutrient, and in nature, it is recycled from organic compounds and stored in the form of  ammonia, ammonium ions, nitrate, nitrite, or  nitrogen gas by many metabolic processes. Many of these metabolic processes are carried out only by prokaryotes.
The largest pool of nitrogen available in the terrestrial ecosystem is gaseous nitrogen (N2) from the air, but this nitrogen...
Inorganic Nitrogen Assimilation01:22

Inorganic Nitrogen Assimilation

Nitrogen is an essential element in biological systems, forming a crucial component of proteins, nucleic acids, and other cellular constituents. Many bacteria and archaea acquire nitrogen in the form of nitrate (NO₃⁻) or ammonia (NH₃), which are then assimilated into biomolecules through specific enzymatic pathways.Assimilatory Nitrate ReductionWhen nitrate enters the cell, it undergoes a two-step reduction process known as assimilatory nitrate reduction. Initially, the enzyme nitrate reductase...
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The nitrogen cycle is a complex biogeochemical process critical to maintaining the balance of nitrogenous compounds in ecosystems. This cycle involves multiple microbial-mediated transformations through which nitrogen changes oxidation states, supporting essential ecological functions and contributing to plant and microbial growth.Nitrogen Fixation and AmmonificationNitrogen fixation initiates the cycle by converting inert atmospheric nitrogen (N₂) into bioavailable ammonia (NH₃), a process...

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Updated: Jul 19, 2026

Spatial Multiobjective Optimization of Agricultural Conservation Practices using a SWAT Model and an Evolutionary Algorithm
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An Internet-based simulation model for nitrogen management in agricultural settings.

M J Shaffer1, B J Newton, C M Gross

  • 1USADA Agricultural Research Sevice, Fort Collins, CO 80522, USA. shaffer@gpsr.colostate.edu

Thescientificworldjournal
|June 14, 2003
PubMed
Summary

A new USDA web tool simplifies nitrogen (N) modeling for farmers, making it easier to optimize fertilizer use and protect the environment. This tool uses the NLEAP model for site-specific N analysis without complex software.

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Environmental Science
  • Computational Modeling

Background:

  • Nitrogen (N) transformations in agriculture involve complex processes, complicating fertilizer optimization and environmental protection.
  • Existing N simulation models are often too complex for practical use by farmers, consultants, and conservationists.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a user-friendly, Internet-based nitrogen analysis tool developed by the USDA.
  • To simplify the application of sophisticated N simulation modeling for site-specific agricultural scenarios.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a web-based platform leveraging the Nitrate Leaching and Economic Analysis Package (NLEAP) model.
  • Server-side data assembly, formatting, and model execution to reduce user computational burden.
  • Facilitation of multiyear N simulation modeling for individual crop fields.

Main Results:

  • The USDA's web tool provides accessible, multiyear N simulation modeling capabilities.
  • Server-based processing simplifies data handling and model execution for users.
  • Early implementation results demonstrate the tool's utility in N analysis.

Conclusions:

  • The developed Internet-based tool significantly enhances accessibility to complex N modeling.
  • This facilitates better nitrogen management for improved fertilizer use efficiency and environmental stewardship in agriculture.