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Eosinophilic pleural effusions.

Ioannis Kalomenidis1, Richard W Light

  • 1Pulmonary Medicine Department, Saint Thomas Hospital and Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA. jkalomenidis@hotmail.com

Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine
|June 14, 2003
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Eosinophilic pleural effusions, characterized by over 10% eosinophils, stem from diverse causes like infections, malignancy, and asbestos exposure. Diagnostic approaches should be tailored to individual patient characteristics when etiology remains unclear.

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Internal Medicine
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Eosinophilic pleural effusion is defined as pleural fluid with ≥10% eosinophils.
  • Numerous conditions can cause eosinophilic pleural effusion, with common associations including blood or air in the pleural space, infections, and malignancy.
  • Other frequent causes include drug-induced effusions, pulmonary embolism, and benign asbestos-related effusions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the diverse etiologies of eosinophilic pleural effusions.
  • To highlight the diagnostic challenges and suggest an approach for evaluating these effusions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of conditions causing eosinophilic pleural effusion.
  • Analysis of common and less common etiologies.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Discussion of diagnostic strategies.

    • Main Results:

    • Etiologies are broad, encompassing infections, malignancy, pulmonary embolism, asbestos exposure, and drug reactions.
    • A significant proportion of cases (up to one-third) remain idiopathic.
    • Current literature lacks robust studies on optimal diagnostic tools for eosinophilic pleural effusions.

    Conclusions:

    • Eosinophilic pleural effusions have a wide differential diagnosis.
    • Diagnostic evaluation should be guided by patient-specific clinical features.
    • Further research is needed to establish evidence-based diagnostic algorithms.