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Sarcoidosis: global scenario & Indian perspective.

S K Sharma1, A Mohan

  • 1Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India. sksharma@aiims.ac.in

The Indian Journal of Medical Research
|June 17, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Sarcoidosis, a granulomatous disorder, is often underdiagnosed in India. While typically benign with spontaneous remission, some patients require corticosteroid treatment for persistent symptoms or disease progression.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Pulmonology
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disease with global prevalence.
  • Etiology is multifactorial, involving genetic predisposition and potential environmental triggers.
  • Pulmonary involvement is most common, affecting approximately 90% of patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of sarcoidosis globally.
  • To highlight the specific perspective and challenges of sarcoidosis in India.
  • To discuss diagnostic criteria, disease course, and treatment strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on sarcoidosis.
  • Analysis of epidemiological data, particularly from India.
  • Synthesis of current diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines.

Main Results:

  • Sarcoidosis diagnosis relies on clinical, radiological, and histopathological findings, excluding other granulomatous diseases.
  • Indian sarcoidosis patients are predominantly male, presenting in their fourth or fifth decade.
  • The disease often follows a benign course with spontaneous remission, though residual pulmonary abnormalities can persist.

Conclusions:

  • Sarcoidosis is increasingly diagnosed in India, though still considered underdiagnosed.
  • Corticosteroids are the primary treatment for symptomatic patients with disease progression.
  • Individualized treatment plans, potentially including steroid-sparing agents, are recommended for optimal patient management.

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