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Related Experiment Videos

Abnormal cardiac function in fetuses with increased nuchal translucency.

G Rizzo1, A Muscatello, E Angelini

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Universita di Roma 'Tor Vergata', Ospedale Fatebenefratelli, Isola Tiberina, Italy. giuseppe.rizzo@uniroma2.it

Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology : the Official Journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology
|June 17, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Increased nuchal translucency (NT) in normal fetuses may signal early cardiac diastolic dysfunction. These fetuses show lower E/A and E/TVI ratios, indicating potential heart issues.

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Area of Science:

  • Fetal Cardiology
  • Prenatal Diagnostics
  • Cardiac Physiology

Background:

  • Increased nuchal translucency (NT) is a marker for various fetal aneuploidies and adverse outcomes.
  • Cardiac function assessment in chromosomally normal fetuses with increased NT is crucial for understanding potential subclinical abnormalities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate cardiac function in structurally and chromosomally normal fetuses with increased NT.
  • To identify potential diastolic dysfunction using echocardiographic parameters.

Main Methods:

  • Fetal echocardiography was performed at 20-23 weeks gestation in 42 fetuses with increased NT and 50 controls.
  • Systolic function was assessed via pulmonary and aortic peak velocity and time to peak velocities.
  • Diastolic function was evaluated using E/A and E/TVI ratios at the atrioventricular valves.

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Main Results:

  • Fetuses with increased NT exhibited significantly decreased E/A ratios at both mitral (0.52 vs. 0.60) and tricuspid (0.51 vs. 0.61) valves compared to controls.
  • E/TVI ratios were also significantly lower in the increased NT group for both mitral (4.79 vs. 5.63) and tricuspid (4.40 vs. 5.19) valves.
  • No significant differences were observed in systolic Doppler indices or correlation between NT degree and diastolic abnormalities.

Conclusions:

  • Structurally and chromosomally normal fetuses with increased NT demonstrate impaired diastolic function.
  • Reduced E/A and E/TVI ratios suggest potential cardiac diastolic dysfunction in these fetuses.
  • These findings highlight the importance of detailed cardiac assessment in fetuses with increased NT, even in the absence of chromosomal abnormalities.