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Peptides and hormesis.

Edward J Calabrese1, Linda A Baldwin

  • 1Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA. edwardc@schoolph.umass.edu

Critical Reviews in Toxicology
|June 18, 2003
PubMed
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This study reveals that peptides commonly exhibit hormetic-like biphasic dose responses across various tissues and biological endpoints. These dose-response patterns, characterized by similar stimulatory effects, suggest a widespread biological phenomenon.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Toxicology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Hormesis describes a dose-response relationship with low-dose stimulation and high-dose inhibition.
  • Peptides are crucial signaling molecules with diverse biological roles.
  • Understanding peptide dose-response is vital for pharmacology and toxicology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the prevalence of hormetic-like biphasic dose-response relationships induced by peptides.
  • To investigate the diversity of peptides, tissues, and biological endpoints involved.
  • To analyze the quantitative characteristics of these biphasic responses.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and assessment of published data on peptide-induced dose-responses.
  • Analysis of over 30 peptides from major peptide classes.

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  • Examination of responses across a wide range of tissues and biological endpoints.

    • Main Results:

    • Hormetic-like biphasic dose-response relationships were observed for a broad range of peptides.
    • These responses occurred in diverse tissues and affected various biological endpoints.
    • Quantitative features, including amplitude and width of stimulation, were remarkably consistent across different peptides and endpoints.

    Conclusions:

    • Peptide-induced biphasic dose responses are a broadly generalizable biological phenomenon.
    • The consistent quantitative features suggest an underlying conserved mechanism.
    • This finding has significant implications for peptide-based therapeutics and risk assessment.