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Developmental molecular switches regulating breathing patterns in CNS.

Caroline Borday1, Véronique Abadie, Fabrice Chatonnet

  • 1UPR 2216 Neurobiologie Génétique et Intégrative, Institut de Neurobiologie Alfred Fessard, C.N.R.S., 1, av. de la Terrasse, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France. caroline.borday@iaf.cnrs-gif.fr

Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology
|June 18, 2003
PubMed
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Early embryonic Hox gene expression guides robust brainstem respiratory rhythm generator development. Odd/even rhombomere interactions are crucial for this irreversible process, linking developmental genes to adult respiration.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Neuroscience
  • Molecular Biology
  • Respiratory Physiology

Background:

  • The development of the brainstem respiratory rhythm generator is a complex process.
  • Molecular mechanisms ensuring robustness and irreversibility are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of transient Hox-related gene expression patterns in early embryonic development.
  • To understand the molecular switches governing the formation of the respiratory rhythm generator.

Main Methods:

  • Experiments were conducted using chick embryos.
  • Recording and isolation procedures were employed.
  • In vitro hindbrain preparations were utilized.

Main Results:

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  • The hindbrain is subdivided into rhombomeres by embryonic day 1 (E1).
  • Rhombomeres possess intrinsic capabilities to generate rhythmogenic neuronal circuits by embryonic day 5 (E5).
  • Odd/even rhombomeric interactions at E1 are essential for rhythm generator maturation, persisting after in vitro isolation.

Conclusions:

  • Transient Hox-related gene expression is critical for establishing the brainstem respiratory rhythm generator.
  • Odd/even rhombomere interactions play a key role in developmental processes.
  • Links exist between developmental control genes and adult respiratory function, as suggested by transgenic mouse studies.