Effects of endurance training on satellite cell frequency in skeletal muscle of old men

We investigated the effects of endurance training on satellite cells, which are a major component of the regenerative capacity of muscles. Muscle biopsies were obtained from the vastus lateralis of 11 men aged between 70 and 80 years who trained for 14 weeks (work load corresponding to 65-95% of peak oxygen consumption, VO(2) peak). Satellite cells were identified by immunohistochemistry. There was a significant increase in satellite cell number. Additionally, VO(2) peak, citrate synthase activity, and the area of type IIA fibers were significantly increased. Fiber type distribution and the myonuclear number were not significantly affected. The enhancement of satellite cell frequency and fiber area indicate that endurance training is an efficient strategy to improve muscle function in the elderly.