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Related Experiment Videos

Galectin-3 expression in normal, hyperplastic, and neoplastic endometrial tissues.

Hermann Brustmann1, Dominik Riss, Susanna Naudé

  • 1Department of Pathology, Landeskrankenhaus, Moedling/Vienna, Austria. ddrbrustmann@hotmail.com

Pathology, Research and Practice
|June 19, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Galectin-3 expression significantly increases in endometrial tissues from normal to hyperplastic, atypical hyperplastic, and cancerous states. This biomarker shows distinct expression levels correlating with endometrial cancer progression and grade.

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Area of Science:

  • Gynecologic Pathology
  • Molecular Oncology
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Galectin-3 is implicated in various cellular processes, including proliferation, apoptosis, and immune response.
  • Altered galectin-3 expression is observed in several human cancers, suggesting a role in tumorigenesis.
  • Understanding galectin-3's role in endometrial pathology is crucial for potential diagnostic and prognostic applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate galectin-3 expression in normal, hyperplastic, and neoplastic endometrial tissues.
  • To correlate galectin-3 expression levels with histologic type, grade, and stage of endometrial lesions.
  • To investigate the potential of galectin-3 as a biomarker in endometrial cancer progression.

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemistry was employed to assess galectin-3 expression in 101 endometrial curettage specimens.

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  • Specimens included normal, hyperplastic (simple, complex without atypia, atypical), and neoplastic (endometrioid, serous, clear cell) endometrial tissues.
  • Immunostaining was quantified by percentage of positive cells and staining intensity, with statistical analysis (ANOVA, Newman-Keuls) applied.

    • Main Results:

    • Galectin-3 immunostaining scores significantly increased from normal/hyperplastic to atypical hyperplastic and carcinomatous tissues (p < 0.0001).
    • Three distinct expression levels were identified: (a) normal, simple hyperplasia, complex hyperplasia without atypia; (b) atypical hyperplasia, endometrioid adenocarcinoma; (c) serous papillary carcinoma, clear cell carcinoma.
    • Galectin-3 expression correlated positively with tumor grade (p = 0.0026), but not FIGO stage (p = 0.1687). Nuclear expression was enhanced in carcinomas, while stromal expression decreased.

    Conclusions:

    • Galectin-3 expression progressively increases from normal to malignant endometrial states, highlighting its role in endometrial tumorigenesis.
    • The distinct expression patterns suggest galectin-3 may differentiate between hyperplastic and neoplastic lesions and correlate with aggressiveness.
    • Findings support a continuum between atypical hyperplasia and endometrioid adenocarcinoma, with galectin-3 potentially serving as a valuable biomarker.