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Pharmacogenomics and drug response.

M Müller1

  • 1Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna University School of Medicine, Vienna, Austria. markus.mueller@univie.ac.at

International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics
|June 21, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Pharmacogenomics, the study of how genes affect drug response, has advanced but has had limited clinical impact. Future research needs to explore multiple genes and environmental factors for personalized medicine.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacogenomics
  • Genetics
  • Drug Metabolism

Background:

  • The field of pharmacogenomics emerged with the cloning of the cytochrome P450-2D6 gene.
  • Advances in genomics enable broader studies on drug response inheritance and functional polymorphisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current state and challenges of pharmacogenomics in clinical drug therapy.
  • To highlight the need for broader, multi-gene approaches and genotype-phenotype interaction studies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing pharmacogenomic data, primarily from single-gene studies.
  • Discussion of challenges in clinical pharmacogenomic study design, data handling, and prediction accuracy.

Main Results:

  • Current pharmacogenomic data have had a modest impact on routine drug therapy.

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  • Most available data focus on single drug-metabolizing enzymes, with limited information on drug absorption, distribution, and response determinants.

    • Conclusions:

    • Significant work is needed to advance pharmacogenomics to a clinically predictive level.
    • Future pharmacogenomics may enable tailored medication strategies for genetically diverse patients, shifting from a one-size-fits-all approach.