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Related Experiment Videos

Changing plans: a high density electrical mapping study of cortical control.

Elisa C Dias1, John J Foxe, Daniel C Javitt

  • 1Cognitive Neurophysiology Laboratory, Program in Cognitive Neurosciences and Schizophrenia, The Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, 140 Old Orangeburg Rd, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA. dias@nki.rfmh.org

Cerebral Cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
|June 21, 2003
PubMed
Summary

This study used brain mapping to understand how the brain controls responses during a task relevant to ADHD and schizophrenia. It found distinct brain activity patterns when overriding or preparing a response.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Psychophysiology

Background:

  • The AX-type continuous performance task (AX-CPT) assesses cognitive control.
  • Impaired AX-CPT performance is linked to conditions like schizophrenia and ADHD.
  • Understanding the neural basis of response control is crucial for these disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate event-related brain activity during parametric variations of the AX-CPT.
  • To differentiate neural patterns associated with overriding prepotent responses versus preparing to respond.
  • To explore the role of context in guiding response selection.

Main Methods:

  • High-density electrical mapping was employed to record event-related potentials (ERPs).
  • Topographical analysis and dipole source mapping were used to analyze brain activity.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Subjects performed AX-CPT variations under controlled conditions.

    • Main Results:

    • Distinct ERP topographical patterns emerged when overriding prepotent responses (Go to No-Go) versus preparing to respond (No-Go to Go).
    • Withholding a prepotent response (No-Go) primarily involved anterior cingulate/dorsolateral prefrontal cortex activity (350-450 ms).
    • Response preparation involved parietal activity followed by a contingent negative variation (CNV) in frontal regions.

    Conclusions:

    • Neural activation patterns differ significantly between inhibiting a response and preparing to respond.
    • The findings provide insights into the neural mechanisms underlying cognitive control relevant to psychiatric disorders.
    • Contextual processing and response inhibition involve distinct, yet interacting, neural networks.