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Genetic markers and their application in poultry breeding
1Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19717, USA. emara@udel.edu
Poultry Science
|June 24, 2003
Summary
Researchers identified over 1,200 potential single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in chicken genes using bioinformatics analysis of expressed sequence tags (EST). This advance will improve genetic mapping for economically important traits and disease resistance in chickens.
Area of Science:
- Genomics and Bioinformatics
- Avian Genetics
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- The current chicken genetic map has limited marker density, hindering the mapping of complex traits.
- Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) are valuable genetic markers for mapping complex traits in humans.
- Advancements in chicken expressed sequence tags (EST) enable the identification of genetic variations like SNP.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify and characterize single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in chicken genes using in silico analysis of EST.
- To enhance the chicken genetic map with high-density SNP markers.
- To facilitate the mapping of complex traits and identification of disease resistance genes in chickens.
Main Methods:
- In silico analysis of chicken expressed sequence tags (EST) using a Phred/Phrap/Polyphred/Consed pipeline.
- Identification of candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) from over 23,000 chicken EST sequences.
- Analysis of non-synonymous SNP to identify those resulting in amino acid changes.
Main Results:
- A total of 1,209 candidate chicken SNP were identified from 23,427 EST.
- At least 182 non-synonymous SNP, which alter amino acid sequences, were detected.
- Validation of these candidate SNP is currently underway.
Conclusions:
- The identification of a substantial number of chicken SNP represents a significant advancement for avian genomics.
- Integrating these SNP into the chicken genetic map will increase marker density, enabling high-resolution mapping of complex traits.
- This resource is expected to accelerate research into identifying genetic factors for disease resistance, particularly for Marek's disease and coccidiosis.