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Physiology and behavior of the hen during induced molt
1Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-4356, USA. bwebster.uga.edu
Poultry Science
|June 24, 2003
Summary
Feed deprivation is used to induce molting in hens, but raises animal welfare concerns. Hens exhibit phased responses to fasting, prioritizing energy conservation and sparing protein, which is crucial for evaluating alternative molting methods.
Area of Science:
- Animal Science
- Physiology
- Animal Welfare
Background:
- Feed deprivation is a common method for induced molting in the commercial egg industry due to its ease of application and effectiveness.
- However, this practice raises significant concerns regarding the welfare of the birds.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the physiological and behavioral responses of hens to feed deprivation during induced molting.
- To provide a basis for evaluating alternative molting methods concerning animal welfare.
Main Methods:
- The study describes the three distinct phases of response to feed deprivation observed in birds.
- It details the physiological adjustments, including energy metabolism and hormonal changes (e.g., corticosterone).
- Behavioral observations, such as activity levels and aggression, are also discussed.
Main Results:
- Feed deprivation elicits a phased response: initial adjustments to reduce energy expenditure, a prolonged phase of lipid catabolism sparing protein, and a final phase of accelerated protein catabolism.
- Hens maintain activity during typical induced molting periods, suggesting they do not progress to the pathological third phase.
- Extended fasting may even improve hen livability.
Conclusions:
- The phased response to feed deprivation represents a trade-off between maintaining glucose levels and preserving body structures.
- Current induced molting practices using feed deprivation appear to keep hens within the adaptive second phase.
- Alternative molting strategies must be carefully evaluated to ensure they do not worsen hen welfare compared to feed withdrawal, especially if they prevent adaptation to feed restriction.
