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Related Experiment Videos

HIV inactivation in a bone allograft.

J T Mellonig, A B Prewett, M P Moyer

    Journal of Periodontology
    |December 1, 1992
    PubMed
    Summary

    Processing demineralized freeze-dried bone allografts with virucidal agents and hydrochloric acid effectively inactivates Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). This study provides direct evidence that treated bone allografts are safe for human use, minimizing disease transmission risks.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Virology
    • Orthopedic Surgery

    Background:

    • Bone allografts are valuable for reconstruction but carry a risk of disease transmission.
    • Exclusionary donor screening and viral inactivation methods are crucial for allograft safety.
    • Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) poses a significant concern for allograft transmission.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To provide direct evidence that processing demineralized freeze-dried bone allografts inactivates HIV.
    • To assess the safety of treated bone allografts for human use.

    Main Methods:

    • Human cortical bone was spiked with HIV (Part I) or obtained from an HIV-infected donor (Part II).
    • Bone particles were treated with a virucidal agent and demineralized in HCl.
    • Samples were assayed for HIV replication using viral protein, reverse transcriptase, and PCR.

    Main Results:

    • Untreated HIV-spiked bone showed viral replication; treated samples were negative.
    • HIV-infected bone samples were positive by PCR, but viable HIV replication was not detected after treatment.
    • Demineralization and virucidal treatment effectively inactivated HIV in bone allografts.

    Conclusions:

    • The processing of demineralized freeze-dried bone allografts inactivates HIV.
    • Treated bone allografts demonstrate a significantly reduced risk of HIV transmission.
    • This study supports the safety of using processed bone allografts in clinical settings.

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