Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Drug toxicity: Drug–Drug Interaction01:30

Drug toxicity: Drug–Drug Interaction

67
Drug–drug interactions can precipitate toxicity through multiple mechanisms. Absorption interactions alter how drugs enter the body, exemplified when ranitidine increases the absorption of basic drugs, while cholestyramine decreases the levels of propranolol. Protein binding interactions occur when drugs share the same binding sites on plasma proteins. Drugs like aspirin and warfarin, when bound in excess, can lead to increased free drug concentrations, enhancing the potential for...
67
Pharmacokinetics: Drug–Food and Drug–Viral Interactions01:26

Pharmacokinetics: Drug–Food and Drug–Viral Interactions

302
A drug interaction occurs when the concurrent use of another drug, food, or an external substance alters the pharmacological activity of a drug. This interaction can modify the action of the original drug, affecting its effectiveness and safety.Drug–food interactions are significant as they impact drug absorption, metabolism, and excretion. For example, grapefruit juice is a well-known disruptor of drug metabolism. It inhibits the cytochrome P450 3A4 enzyme, crucial for the metabolism of...
302
Pharmacokinetics: Drug–Drug Interactions01:25

Pharmacokinetics: Drug–Drug Interactions

508
Drug interactions occur when the pharmacological effect of one drug is altered by another substance, either enhancing or diminishing its activity. The drug whose activity is altered is known as the object drug, and the substance causing the alteration is called the agent drug or the precipitant. The net effects of these interactions are mostly undesirable, leading to decreased effectiveness or increased adverse effects. In rare cases, interactions can be beneficial, such as the enhanced...
508
Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Dose Adjustments Due to Hepatic Impairment01:08

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Dose Adjustments Due to Hepatic Impairment

299
Hepatic impairment, characterized by decreased liver function, does not uniformly mandate adjustments in drug dosage. Whether dosage modifications are necessary depends on various factors related to the drug's metabolism and elimination pathways. If a drug is primarily excreted via the kidneys and bypasses significant hepatic processing, if it undergoes minimal metabolic transformation in the liver, or if it is volatile and primarily expelled through the lungs, dose adjustments may not be...
299
Lipid-Lowering Drugs: Statins and Miscellaneous Agents01:20

Lipid-Lowering Drugs: Statins and Miscellaneous Agents

1.5K
Hyperlipidemia, a medical condition often referred to as high cholesterol, is characterized by abnormally elevated levels of lipids in the bloodstream. When present in excess, these lipids, specifically cholesterol and triglycerides, can lead to serious health complications, often involving cardiovascular diseases. Illnesses like atherosclerosis, heart attacks, and pancreatitis have all been linked to untreated hyperlipidemia. This means controlling and regulating cholesterol and triglyceride...
1.5K
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: α-Glucosidase Inhibitors01:19

Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: α-Glucosidase Inhibitors

621
α-glucosidase inhibitors, including acarbose (Precose), miglitol (Glyset), and voglibose (Voglib) (primarily available in Asia), are drugs that control blood sugar levels by delaying the digestion of starch and disaccharides. They achieve this by inhibiting α-glucosidase enzymes in the intestine, which slow the absorption of carbohydrates in the intestine, which in turn leads to a prolonged release of the glucoregulatory hormone GLP-1 from intestinal L-cells.
Acarbose and miglitol are...
621

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor Val66Met polymorphism and remission after antidepressant treatment in depressed Caucasian patients: a meta-analysis.

Psychiatry research·2026
Same author

The longitudinal association between anticholinergic burden and cognitive-functional decline among older adults.

British journal of clinical pharmacology·2026
Same author

Exploring Blood Glutamate as a Diagnostic Biomarker for Major Depressive Episodes in a Context of Major Depressive Disorder.

Neuropsychobiology·2025
Same author

Imaging the impact of sex and age on OATP function in humans: Consequences for whole-body pharmacokinetics and liver exposure.

Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B·2025
Same author

Plasma kynurenine pathway metabolite levels increase in depressed patients after antidepressant treatment.

Brain, behavior, and immunity·2025
Same author

Sexuality among the elderly: a prospective cohort study in primary care.

The journal of sexual medicine·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 21, 2026

Network Pharmacology Prediction and Metabolomics Validation of the Mechanism of Fructus Phyllanthi against Hyperlipidemia
11:06

Network Pharmacology Prediction and Metabolomics Validation of the Mechanism of Fructus Phyllanthi against Hyperlipidemia

Published on: April 7, 2023

2.8K

[Drug interactions with antilipemics].

Laurent Becquemont1

  • 1Département de Pharmacologie, Faculté de Médecine Saint-Antoine, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris 6, France. laurent.becquemont@chusa.jussieu.fr

Therapie
|June 26, 2003
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Statins and fibrates, used to lower cholesterol, can cause muscle damage and interact with other drugs. Pravastatin and gemfibrozil have the lowest risk of drug interactions, while simvastatin has the highest.

More Related Videos

LDL Cholesterol Uptake Assay Using Live Cell Imaging Analysis with Cell Health Monitoring
08:45

LDL Cholesterol Uptake Assay Using Live Cell Imaging Analysis with Cell Health Monitoring

Published on: November 17, 2018

14.2K
Differential Effects of Lipid-lowering Drugs in Modulating Morphology of Cholesterol Particles
09:15

Differential Effects of Lipid-lowering Drugs in Modulating Morphology of Cholesterol Particles

Published on: November 10, 2017

15.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 21, 2026

Network Pharmacology Prediction and Metabolomics Validation of the Mechanism of Fructus Phyllanthi against Hyperlipidemia
11:06

Network Pharmacology Prediction and Metabolomics Validation of the Mechanism of Fructus Phyllanthi against Hyperlipidemia

Published on: April 7, 2023

2.8K
LDL Cholesterol Uptake Assay Using Live Cell Imaging Analysis with Cell Health Monitoring
08:45

LDL Cholesterol Uptake Assay Using Live Cell Imaging Analysis with Cell Health Monitoring

Published on: November 17, 2018

14.2K
Differential Effects of Lipid-lowering Drugs in Modulating Morphology of Cholesterol Particles
09:15

Differential Effects of Lipid-lowering Drugs in Modulating Morphology of Cholesterol Particles

Published on: November 10, 2017

15.1K

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Drug Metabolism

Background:

  • HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) and fibrates are associated with myotoxicity, including fatal rhabdomyolysis, often due to drug interactions causing elevated plasma concentrations.
  • Statins undergo significant first-pass metabolism, primarily via Cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4), increasing interaction risks with CYP3A4 inhibitors.
  • Fibrates have high oral bioavailability, reducing interaction risks, but can affect drug pharmacokinetics through CYP2C9 and UDP-glucuronyltransferase (UGT) inhibition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the drug interaction potential of commonly prescribed cholesterol-lowering agents, statins and fibrates.
  • To identify specific statins and fibrates with varying risks of myotoxicity and drug interactions.
  • To inform clinical practice regarding the safe use of lipid-lowering therapies in patients with atherosclerosis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of pharmacokinetic profiles and known drug interactions of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors and fibrates.
  • Analysis of metabolic pathways, including Cytochrome P450 (CYP) and UDP-glucuronyltransferase (UGT) involvement.
  • Comparison of drug interaction potential based on metabolic routes and bioavailability.

Main Results:

  • Simvastatin and atorvastatin, metabolized by CYP3A4, present the highest risk of drug interactions with CYP3A4 inhibitors.
  • Fluvastatin (CYP2C9 metabolism) and pravastatin (non-CYP metabolism) have a low potential for drug interactions.
  • Fibrates generally have low interaction potential due to high bioavailability, but can inhibit CYP2C9 and UGT.
  • Simvastatin showed the highest drug interaction potential, while pravastatin and gemfibrozil demonstrated the lowest.

Conclusions:

  • The choice of statin significantly impacts the risk of drug interactions, with pravastatin offering the lowest risk.
  • Fibrates have a lower interaction risk than most statins, but potential interactions exist.
  • Understanding drug metabolism and interaction profiles is crucial for minimizing adverse events in patients treated with cholesterol-lowering medications.