Three-dimensional elastic wave scattering by a layer containing vertical periodic fractures

Area of Science:

• Geophysics
• Acoustics
• Materials Science

Background:

• Understanding elastic wave propagation is crucial for characterizing subsurface structures.
• Fractures significantly alter wave propagation, impacting seismic data interpretation.
• Existing models often simplify fracture complexities, limiting accuracy.

Purpose of the Study:

• To numerically simulate and analyze elastic wave scattering from a layer with periodic vertical fractures.
• To investigate the influence of various parameters on scattering patterns.
• To provide a more detailed understanding of wave interactions with fractured media.

Main Methods:

• A numerical technique combining the finite element method (FEM) and plane wave method (PWM).
• Explicit modeling of individual fractures to capture discrete and multiple scattering events.
• Simulation of three-dimensional (3D) elastic wave scattering from a two-dimensional (2D) fractured layer.

Main Results:

• Scattering characteristics are sensitive to wave frequency and angle of incidence.
• Fracture properties, including stiffness, height, and spacing (regular and irregular), demonstrably affect wave scattering.
• The model successfully simulates both direct and multiply scattered wave arrivals.

Conclusions:

• The developed numerical technique accurately captures complex elastic wave scattering phenomena in fractured media.
• Detailed fracture properties play a significant role in modifying wave propagation.
• This research enhances the capability to interpret seismic data in geologically complex, fractured environments.