Sendai virus vectors as an emerging negative-strand RNA viral vector system

Area of Science:

• Virology
• Gene Therapy
• Molecular Biology

Background:

• Negative-strand RNA viruses can be engineered as viral vectors for gene transfer.
• Sendai virus (SeV), a murine parainfluenza virus type I, is a leading prototype for these novel viral vectors.
• SeV possesses unique characteristics, including rapid cellular uptake, adjustable foreign gene expression, and efficient respiratory tract infection.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the development of Sendai virus vectors (SeVV).
• To summarize the application results of first-generation SeVV in vitro and in vivo.
• To discuss future directions in SeVV design and development.

Main Methods:

• Engineering of Sendai virus (SeV) genome for gene transfer.
• In vitro studies evaluating SeVV transduction efficiency and gene expression.
• In vivo animal studies assessing SeVV performance in various tissues and applications.

Main Results:

• Sendai virus vectors (SeVV) have been successfully developed and applied.
• SeVV exhibit efficient transduction across a wide range of tissues and applications.
• Key features include rapid uptake, adjustable gene expression, mucus penetration, cell-cycle independence, and cytoplasmic replication without integration risk.

Conclusions:

• Sendai virus vectors (SeVV) represent a highly efficient gene transduction tool.
• SeVV demonstrate broad applicability in both in vitro and in vivo settings.
• Ongoing advancements in vector design promise expanded therapeutic and research potential.