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Related Experiment Videos

TCE diffusion to the atmosphere in phytoremediation applications.

Xingmao Ma1, Joel G Burken

  • 1Department of Civil, Architectural & Environmental Engineering, 224 Butler-Carlton Hall, 1870 Miner Circle, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, Missouri 65409, USA.

Environmental Science & Technology
|July 2, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Trees can absorb trichloroethylene (TCE) and release it into the atmosphere through volatilization. This process, driven by diffusion along the transpiration pathway, offers a natural method for phytoremediation.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Plant Biology
  • Bioremediation

Background:

  • Phytoremediation of chlorinated compounds like trichloroethylene (TCE) is an established field.
  • Existing research on TCE fate and removal pathways, especially atmospheric volatilization, remains inconclusive.
  • Full-scale phytoremediation systems are currently in operation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the uptake and volatilization of trichloroethylene (TCE) by trees.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms and pathways governing TCE volatilization from trees.
  • To provide definitive evidence for TCE diffusion and transport within trees.

Main Methods:

  • Laboratory experiments and field sampling were conducted.
  • TCE concentrations were measured in tree tissues (xylem) and along the transpiration stream.

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  • TCE diffusion was analyzed in both soil-planted and hydroponically grown trees.
  • Factors influencing TCE diffusion, such as height, radial direction, concentration, and transpiration rates, were examined.

    • Main Results:

    • Trees actively uptake and volatilize trichloroethylene (TCE) to the atmosphere.
    • TCE diffusion along the transpiration pathway is the primary mechanism for volatilization from stems and leaves.
    • TCE concentrations decreased with increasing height in trees and radially from the core.
    • TCE tissue concentrations showed a linear response to root exposure levels.
    • Stem volatilization was dependent on TCE concentration and plant transpiration rates.

    Conclusions:

    • Trees play a significant role in the atmospheric volatilization of TCE.
    • Diffusion coupled with transpiration is the key process for TCE removal via trees.
    • Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for optimizing phytoremediation strategies for TCE-contaminated sites.