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Using empirical data to model transgene dispersal.

T R Meagher1, F C Belanger, P R Day

  • 1School of Biology, Division of Environmental and Evolutionary Biology, Sir Harold Mitchell Building, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9TH, UK. trm3@st-and.ac.uk

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences
|July 2, 2003
PubMed
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Gene flow from genetically modified crops to weeds can occur, but the herbicide resistance trait is unlikely to persist without herbicide use. Ecological impacts are expected to be minimal.

Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Ecology

Background:

  • Public concern exists regarding gene flow from genetically modified (GM) crops to wild relatives, potentially creating herbicide-resistant weeds.
  • Estimating gene flow potential and the ecological performance of resulting hybrids is crucial for informed debate.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and apply a gene flow model for wind-pollinated species.
  • To assess the potential for gene flow from transgenic herbicide-resistant creeping bentgrass to surrounding weed populations.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a gene flow model incorporating exponential distance and directional effects.
  • Applied the model to existing data on gene flow in experimental plots of Agrostis stolonifera L. (creeping bentgrass).
  • Investigated gene flow from glufosinate-resistant transgenic plants to non-transgenic neighbors.

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Main Results:

  • Pollen dispersal varied, being limited in some sites but extensive in others, influenced by local wind conditions.
  • Hybridization between transgenic and non-transgenic plants is likely to occur under field conditions.
  • The herbicide resistance trait is unlikely to persist in the absence of herbicide application.

Conclusions:

  • Gene flow from GM crops to weeds is possible, with hybridization occurring under field conditions.
  • The ecological consequences of gene flow for herbicide resistance traits are likely to be minimal due to trait persistence limitations.