Transition from asymptomatic left ventricular dysfunction to congestive heart failure

One of the main goals of modern management and care of heart failure is to prevent the disease to progress toward congestion and death. The achievement of such an objective may, in fact, guarantee a sufficient quality of life and reduce the exposure of patients to the most common life-threatening complications associated with the congestive stage of the disease. Early identification of left ventricular dysfunction as well as a better knowledge of the mechanisms that favor the progression to more advanced stages of heart failure are fundamental requirements for the proper treatment of asymptomatic heart failure and for preventing the transition to symptomatic and more severe heart failure. The authors reviewed the literature on this topic, with emphasis on a series of studies they performed, to characterize the pathophysiologic profile of mild heart failure and the mechanisms that are possibly involved in the progression to congestive heart failure.