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Pediatric allergy: a brief review of risk factors associated with developing allergic disease in childhood

Edward J O'Connell1

  • 1Allergy/Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. oconnell.edward@mayo.edu

Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology : Official Publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology
|July 4, 2003
PubMed

Insights

The prevalence of allergic diseases in children is rising. Research suggests a multifactorial cause, including genetics, environmental exposures, and lifestyle factors, contributing to childhood allergies.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
  • Environmental Health
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Increasing prevalence of allergic diseases in children globally.
  • Need to identify causative factors for effective prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review factors implicated in the rising incidence of childhood allergic diseases.
  • To consolidate current understanding of allergy etiology in pediatric populations.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive MEDLINE search of original research and review articles.
  • Inclusion of author-selected relevant references.
  • Focus on risk factors for increased allergic disease prevalence in children.

Main Results:

  • Identified genetic predisposition (atopic, Th2-prone) as a key factor.
  • Highlighted early life exposures: allergen sensitization, viral infections, maternal smoking, diet, breastfeeding, obesity.
  • Included environmental factors like air pollution and childhood immunizations.

Conclusions:

  • Childhood allergic disease occurrence is multifactorial.
  • Genetic and environmental interactions play a significant role.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate complex etiological pathways.
Abstract

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