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Related Experiment Videos

Vitamin E and transfer proteins.

Daisy E Kaempf-Rotzoll1, Maret G Traber, Hiroyuki Arai

  • 1Department of Health Chemistry, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.

Current Opinion in Lipidology
|July 4, 2003
PubMed
Summary
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Age-related changes of vitamin E: α-tocopherol levels in plasma and various tissues of mice and hepatic α-tocopherol transfer protein.

European journal of nutrition·2016

Recent research elucidates vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) transport, identifying key proteins like alpha-tocopherol transfer protein for cellular uptake and excretion. This highlights the complex cellular mechanisms governing this essential antioxidant.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Vitamin E, primarily alpha-tocopherol, is a vital antioxidant with complex cellular transport mechanisms.
  • Understanding vitamin E's intracellular journey, including uptake and excretion, is crucial for its biological functions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in understanding the cellular transport and metabolism of alpha-tocopherol.
  • To elucidate the roles of specific proteins in vitamin E's intracellular trafficking and excretion.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent scientific literature on vitamin E transport and metabolism.
  • Identification and analysis of key proteins involved in vitamin E cellular dynamics.

Main Results:

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  • Alpha-tocopherol transfer protein is identified as the primary intracellular transporter, facilitating plasma secretion via a non-Golgi pathway.
  • Scavenger receptor class B type I and ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 are implicated in vitamin E cellular influx and efflux, respectively.
  • Metabolism of tocopherols yields CEHC metabolites (e.g., alpha-CEHC, gamma-CEHC) via cytochrome P450, aiding excretion.

Conclusions:

  • Cellular vitamin E transport involves a complex interplay of influx, intracellular trafficking, efflux, and metabolic pathways.
  • Significant progress has been made in understanding the regulation of vitamin E metabolism at the cellular level.