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Updated: Jul 30, 2026

Rapid PCR Thermocycling using Microscale Thermal Convection
Published on: March 5, 2011
Thermodynamics, biochemistry and microscopy for the 21st century
1Unity Laboratory of Applied Neurobiology, 76 Epsom Road, Guildford, Surrey GUI 2BX, Great Britain.
Abstract:
The aim of biology is the study of the properties of cells in living intact animals. Many steps of research procedures in biochemistry change the entropy, and therefore, the free energy of the chemical reactions from those in vivo. Sections prepared for histology, histochemistry, electron microscopy and immunocytochemistry, yield limited information about the original cells in life, although their problems have been documented. Approaches to the biological and histological difficulties are suggested.
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