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Transcytosis: crossing cellular barriers.

Pamela L Tuma1, Ann L Hubbard

  • 1Hunterian 119, Department of Cell Biology, 725 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.

Physiological Reviews
|July 5, 2003
PubMed
Summary
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Transcytosis is a cellular process for transporting molecules between environments. This review details cell types, cargo, pathways, and models, highlighting knowledge gaps in molecular regulation.

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Transcytosis is a key mechanism for selective macromolecule transport across cells.
  • It maintains distinct cellular environment compositions.
  • Multicellular organisms utilize transcytosis for intercellular communication and transport.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review cell types involved in in vivo transcytosis.
  • To summarize the diverse cargo and pathways of transcytosis.
  • To evaluate in vitro models for studying transcytosis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of transcytosis mechanisms.
  • Detailed examination of caveolae-mediated and clathrin-mediated transcytosis.
  • Analysis of molecular regulation of vesicle traffic.

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Main Results:

  • Identified various cell types and cargo transported via transcytosis.
  • Described diverse transcytotic pathways, including endothelial and epithelial transport.
  • Highlighted specific models like caveolae-mediated and clathrin-mediated transcytosis.

Conclusions:

  • Transcytosis is crucial for selective material transport in vivo.
  • Significant knowledge gaps remain regarding the molecular regulation of transcytosis.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the molecular basis of this fundamental process.