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Ischemic stroke associated with decrease in temperature.

Yun-Chul Hong1, Joung-Ho Rha, Jong-Tae Lee

  • 1Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.

Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)
|July 5, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Cold weather increases ischemic stroke risk, particularly within 24-48 hours. Individuals over 65, women, and those with hypertension are more susceptible to cold-induced strokes.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Neurology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Low ambient temperatures are linked to increased mortality, especially from circulatory and respiratory issues.
  • Previous research suggests a correlation between cold weather and adverse health outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between decreased ambient temperature and the onset of ischemic stroke.
  • To determine the risk period and magnitude of effect following cold exposure.

Main Methods:

  • A case-crossover study design was employed with 545 ischemic stroke patients over three years in Incheon, Korea.
  • Each patient's stroke onset (case period) was compared to two control periods, one week before and after the event.
  • The study assessed changes in ischemic stroke risk associated with temperature decreases.

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Main Results:

  • A significant association was found between decreased ambient temperature and acute ischemic stroke risk.
  • The strongest risk was observed 24-48 hours after cold exposure, with an odds ratio of 2.9 for an interquartile range temperature decrease.
  • Increased risk was more pronounced in winter, and specific demographics (women, >65 years, non-obese, those with hypertension/hypercholesterolemia) showed higher susceptibility.

Conclusions:

  • Ischemic stroke occurrence increases with falling temperatures, even moderate decreases pose a significant risk.
  • Individuals in susceptible groups should implement protective measures against cold, especially during winter months.
  • Findings highlight the importance of environmental factors in stroke prevention strategies.