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[Chronic urticaria and infectious diseases].

B Cribier1, G Noacco

  • 1Service de Dermatologie, CHU, 1, place de l'Hôpital, 67091 Strasbourg Cedex.

Annales De Dermatologie Et De Venereologie
|July 5, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Chronic urticaria is not clearly linked to most infections. Systematic screening for infectious agents is not recommended, though further studies on Toxocara canis are warranted.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Infectious diseases are frequently suspected as a cause of chronic urticaria.
  • Existing laboratory investigations and data linking infections to chronic urticaria symptoms are inconsistent.
  • The etiological diagnosis of chronic urticaria remains challenging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically analyze published literature on chronic urticaria associated with infections.
  • To evaluate the evidence supporting a causal relationship between specific infectious agents and chronic urticaria.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted a Medline search using keywords 'urticaria' and 'infection/infectious disease'.
  • Performed a secondary analysis focusing on specific infectious agents (viruses, bacteria, parasites).
  • Excluded studies on acute urticaria, non-English abstracts, and general reviews without clinical data.

Main Results:

  • No clear viral cause for chronic urticaria was documented; viral marker screening showed no significant differences compared to the general population.
  • Bacterial infections like sinusitis and dental infections were not significantly associated with chronic urticaria, with variable treatment outcomes.
  • Helicobacter pylori infection showed inconsistent results, with no higher prevalence than controls in most comparative studies and non-significant antibiotic treatment outcomes in randomized trials. Parasitic infections, particularly Toxocara canis, were anecdotally linked, but anti-parasitic treatment effects were inconstant.

Conclusions:

  • Insufficient clear-cut data exists to confirm a direct link between chronic urticaria and most infectious diseases, barring occasional case reports.
  • Routine screening for infectious markers in chronic urticaria patients is not recommended.
  • Further controlled studies are needed to re-evaluate the potential role of Toxocara canis infections in chronic urticaria.

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