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[Aneurismal bone cyst in children: 17 cases]
B Yousri1, M Aboumaarouf, M El Andaloussi
1Service d'Orthopédie et de Traumatologie Pédiatriques, Hôpital d'Enfants, rue Jenner, CHU Ibn Rochd, Casablanca, Morocco.
Summary
Aneurysmal bone cysts (KOA) are rare benign bone tumors affecting young patients. Diagnosis and treatment are challenging, with surgery and imaging playing key roles in management and preventing recurrence.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedic Surgery
- Pediatric Oncology
- Radiology
Context:
- Aneurysmal bone cysts (KOA) are rare, often presenting in young individuals.
- Their etiopathogeny remains debated, posing diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.
- KOA constitutes 1.5-4% of benign osseous tumors.
Purpose:
- To report on the diagnostic and therapeutic outcomes of 17 patients with aneurysmal bone cysts treated between 1976 and 2000.
- To analyze the clinical presentation, imaging findings, and treatment modalities for KOA.
- To evaluate the efficacy of surgical and non-surgical interventions for KOA.
Summary:
- The study included 17 patients (average age 8 years) with KOA, predominantly affecting long bones (70%).
- Diagnostic delays averaged 11 months, with pathological fracture (47%) and painful lameness (35%) as common initial symptoms.
- Surgical intervention was performed in 15 cases, with recurrence observed in three cases and one death due to toxic shock.
Impact:
- Modern imaging techniques improve KOA definition, but biopsy remains crucial for diagnosis, though histological confirmation can be uncertain.
- Optimal treatment involves "carcinologic" removal, reconstruction via graft and osteosynthesis, or embolization for aggressive cases.
- Potential complications include local recurrence and malignant degeneration, highlighting the need for careful long-term management.