Related Experiment Video
Updated: Sep 23, 2026

An In Vivo Estrogen Deficiency Mouse Model for Screening Exogenous Estrogen Treatments of Cardiovascular Dysfunction After Menopause
Published on: August 13, 2019
[The effects of hormone replacement therapy in menopause on symptoms of anxiety and depression]
Kemal Yazici1, Ozlem Pata, Aylin Yazici
1Mersin U. Tip Fak., Psikiyatri AD., Mersin.
Objective:
Replacement of deficient hormones (hormone replacement therapy, HRT) is the main treatment modality in menopause. There is no concensus among researchers as to how HRT influences psychiatric symptoms that might develop during menopausal period. In this study we aimed to explore the effects of HRT on symptoms of anxiety and depression comparatively by using either estrogen or tibolone.
Method:
Women with natural menopause who applied to the outpatient Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology Department were included in the study. Subjects (n=70) were randomized into two groups with one group to receive 17beta-estradiol and other group tibolon. All subjects were evaluated at baseline and after 3-months of HRT with Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS).
Results:
Forty six of 70 patients completed the study. The 17beta-estradiol (n=23) and the tibolone (n=23) groups were similar with respect to age, education and occupational status. The time from onset of menopause was longer in the tibolon group. HARS and HDRS scores were significantly decreased after 3 months of HRT in both the 17beta-estradiol and the tibolone groups. The two drug regimens were not significantly different in this respect.
Conclusion:
HRT with 17beta-estradiol and tibolone improves symptoms of anxiety and depression in menopausal women.
Related Concept Videos
Menopause
Disorders of the Male Reproductive System
Prostate disorders are another major concern. These conditions can impair urinary flow due to the prostate's location around the urethra. Symptoms...
Stress and Mental Health
Individuals with depression often experience challenges in both their personal and professional...
Drug Therapy
Antianxiety Medications
Major Hormones and Their Functions
Oxytocin, produced in the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary gland, plays a role in social bonding, childbirth, and lactation.
Anxiolytic Drugs: Overview
Primary Types of Anxiolytic Drugs
1. Benzodiazepines:
Benzodiazepines bind to the GABA-A receptor in the brain, enhancing GABA's interaction. This action reduces neurotransmission, effectively blocking anxiety-associated limbic circuitry.