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Related Experiment Videos

Update on breast cancer prevention.

Priya Rastogi1, Victor G Vogel

  • 1Breast Cancer Prevention Program, Magee-Women's Hospital/University of Pittsburgh, Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. vvogel@mail.magee.edu

Oncology (Williston Park, N.Y.)
|July 9, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Tamoxifen effectively reduces breast cancer risk, particularly in high-risk women. Research continues to explore alternatives due to potential side effects, comparing tamoxifen with raloxifene and aromatase inhibitors for chemoprevention.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology
  • Preventive Medicine

Background:

  • Tamoxifen has been evaluated in four randomized trials for breast cancer chemoprevention.
  • Results from trials like the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project P-1 and International Breast Cancer Intervention Study show tamoxifen's efficacy in reducing breast cancer risk.
  • Some European trials did not demonstrate a significant decrease in breast cancer incidence with tamoxifen.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the efficacy of tamoxifen in breast cancer chemoprevention.
  • To highlight the findings of key clinical trials evaluating tamoxifen and raloxifene.
  • To introduce ongoing research into alternative agents like aromatase inhibitors for breast cancer risk reduction.

Main Methods:

  • Review of findings from four major randomized prospective trials: National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project P-1, Royal Marsden Hospital Chemoprevention Trial, Italian Tamoxifen Prevention Study, and International Breast Cancer Intervention Study.

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  • Inclusion of data from the Multiple Outcomes of Raloxifene Evaluation trial evaluating raloxifene.
  • Mention of the Study of Tamoxifen and Raloxifene and planned studies on aromatase inhibitors.

    • Main Results:

    • Tamoxifen demonstrated a 49% reduction in invasive breast cancer risk in the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project P-1 trial.
    • The Multiple Outcomes of Raloxifene Evaluation trial showed a 76% decrease in invasive breast cancer risk with raloxifene.
    • Tamoxifen's benefit is most pronounced in high-risk populations, though side effects like endometrial cancer and thromboembolism are noted.

    Conclusions:

    • Tamoxifen is an approved agent for breast cancer risk reduction, particularly effective in high-risk women.
    • Due to side effects, research is ongoing to compare tamoxifen with raloxifene and investigate aromatase inhibitors for chemoprevention.
    • Further studies are needed to optimize breast cancer prevention strategies.