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Update on herpesvirus infections.

Eric T Stoopler1, Martin S Greenberg

  • 1Department of Oral Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, 240 South 40th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.

Dental Clinics of North America
|July 10, 2003
PubMed
Summary

Herpesviruses cause various oral and maxillofacial illnesses, most commonly herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections. Understanding all eight human herpesviruses aids clinicians in diagnosing and managing these diverse conditions, especially in immunocompromised patients.

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Area of Science:

  • Oral medicine
  • Infectious diseases
  • Maxillofacial surgery

Background:

  • Herpesviruses are a significant cause of oral and maxillofacial diseases.
  • Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections are the most frequent presentations.
  • A comprehensive understanding of all eight human herpesviruses is crucial for effective clinical practice.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical manifestations of all eight human herpesviruses.
  • To enhance clinician understanding for improved diagnosis and management of herpesvirus infections in the oral and maxillofacial region.
  • To highlight the increased risk and varied presentations in immunocompromised populations.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of herpesvirus infections affecting the oral and maxillofacial region.

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  • Synthesis of clinical manifestations, diagnostic considerations, and management strategies.
  • Emphasis on the spectrum of disease in immunocompromised individuals.

    • Main Results:

    • Herpesviruses present with diverse clinical manifestations in the oral and maxillofacial area.
    • Primary and recurrent HSV infections are common, but other herpesviruses also cause significant pathology.
    • Immunocompromised patients, including transplant recipients, cancer patients on chemotherapy, and HIV-infected individuals, are susceptible to severe and atypical herpesvirus presentations.

    Conclusions:

    • Knowledge of the full spectrum of herpesvirus manifestations is essential for accurate diagnosis and management.
    • Clinicians must be vigilant for herpesvirus infections, particularly in immunocompromised patients.
    • A thorough understanding of all eight human herpesviruses improves patient care in oral and maxillofacial medicine.