Cancer patients', family members' and professional helpers' conceptions and beliefs concerning death

The purpose of this study was to examine the attitudes of different groups of people towards death, as well as their opinions and beliefs concerning life after death. The study is part of a larger research project in which cancer patients' suffering and coping were under examination. Data were collected in semi-structured focused interviews with 32 patients with incurable cancer, 13 family members, 13 nurses and 13 doctors from two central hospitals and four community health centres. The interviews were tape-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analysed by content analysis. Most of the interviewees were not afraid of death. The professionals were slightly more often afraid of death than the patients and the family members. The participants gave many reasons for their opinions. The interviewees were not very interested in reading death-related literature. Only nurses had read a great deal of literature on death. Most of the participants believed in the existence of God and in life after death. The participants had different kinds of conceptions of the events after death. The doctors differed from the other groups in that they read less literature on death and had less faith in God and in life after death.