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Related Experiment Videos

[Chemotherapy-induced diarrhea].

Kunihiko Kobayashi1

  • 1Respiratory Section, Saitama Cancer Center, 818 Ina-machi Komuro, Kitaadachi-gun, Saitama 362-0806, Japan.

Gan to Kagaku Ryoho. Cancer & Chemotherapy
|July 11, 2003
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Chemotherapy-induced diarrhea, a significant side effect of CPT-11 (irinotecan), impacts cancer treatment. New therapies beyond loperamide are needed for refractory cases, with octreotide showing promise.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Chemotherapy-induced diarrhea (CID) is a common and severe side effect of cancer treatments.
  • CPT-11 (irinotecan) is effective for colorectal and lung cancers but causes dose-limiting delayed diarrhea.
  • CID negatively affects patient quality of life and treatment adherence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current understanding and management strategies for CPT-11-induced delayed diarrhea.
  • To highlight the limitations of conventional treatments like loperamide.
  • To explore alternative and novel therapeutic approaches for refractory CID.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on CPT-11, chemotherapy-induced diarrhea, and its management.
  • Analysis of prevention strategies including oral alkalization, control of defecation, antibiotics, and kampo medicine.

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  • Evaluation of treatment options, focusing on loperamide and emerging therapies like octreotide.

    • Main Results:

    • CPT-11 is a valuable chemotherapeutic agent, but its delayed diarrhea is a major toxicity.
    • Preventive measures such as oral alkalization, antibiotics, and kampo medicine have shown success in reducing beta-glucuronidase activity.
    • Loperamide is the standard treatment for CID, but a subset of patients exhibit refractory diarrhea.
    • Octreotide, a somatostatin analogue, has demonstrated efficacy in managing loperamide-refractory CPT-11-induced diarrhea.

    Conclusions:

    • Effective management of CPT-11-induced diarrhea is crucial for maintaining cancer treatment efficacy and patient quality of life.
    • While loperamide is effective for many, alternative treatments are essential for refractory cases.
    • Octreotide represents a promising therapeutic option for patients with severe or refractory CPT-11-induced diarrhea.