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Susceptibility of leafrollers (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) from organic and conventional orchards to azinphosmethyl,

Michael J Smirle¹, D Thomas Lowery, Cheryl L Zurowski

¹Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Pacific Agri-Food Research Centre, Summerland, British Columbia V0H 1Z0, Canada. smirlem@agr.gc.ca

Journal of Economic Entomology

|July 11, 2003

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Insecticide resistance varies in leafroller populations. Organic farming practices influenced susceptibility to azinphosmethyl and Bacillus thuringiensis, but spinosad remained effective against all tested populations.

Area of Science:

Agricultural Entomology
Pest Management
Insecticide Resistance

Background:

Obliquebanded leafroller (Choristoneura rosaceana) and three-lined leafroller (Pandemis limitata) are significant pests in orchards.
Insecticide resistance is a growing concern in pest management, impacting control efficacy.
Understanding population-specific responses to insecticides is crucial for sustainable pest control strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess insecticide susceptibility variations in leafroller populations from British Columbia.
To investigate potential cross-resistance among azinphosmethyl, spinosad, and Bacillus thuringiensis.
To evaluate the impact of organic versus conventional orchard management on insecticide resistance.

Main Methods:

Leaf disk bioassays were conducted on leafroller populations from seven sites in the Okanagan and Similkameen Valleys.

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Lethal concentration ratios (LCRs) were calculated comparing field populations to a susceptible laboratory colony of Choristoneura rosaceana.

Correlation analysis was used to detect cross-resistance patterns among the tested insecticides.

Main Results:

Significant variations in insecticide response were observed across all three tested insecticides: azinphosmethyl (LCRs 0.86-15.52), spinosad (LCRs 0.38-2.37), and Bacillus thuringiensis (LCRs 0.58-4.89).
No cross-resistance was detected among azinphosmethyl, spinosad, and Bacillus thuringiensis.
Leafrollers from organic orchards showed higher susceptibility to azinphosmethyl but increased tolerance to Bacillus thuringiensis compared to those from conventional orchards.

Conclusions:

Insecticide resistance in leafroller populations is complex and influenced by agricultural practices.
Spinosad demonstrates broad susceptibility across tested populations, indicating its potential utility in resistance management programs.
Judicious use of spinosad is recommended for effective management of obliquebanded and three-lined leafrollers, particularly in integrated pest management strategies.