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Related Experiment Videos

Fetuin--an old friend revisited.

W M Brown1, N R Saunders, K Møllgård

  • 1Skin Biology Research Center, R. W. Johnson Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Raritan, NJ 08869-0602.

Bioessays : News and Reviews in Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology
|November 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary
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Bovine fetuin, a protein homologous to human alpha 2HS glycoprotein, belongs to the cystatin superfamily. Despite structural similarities, fetuins exhibit diverse properties and play roles in acute phase response and neocortex development.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Developmental Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Bovine fetuin is the first described fetal protein.
  • It is a species homologue of human alpha 2HS glycoprotein (alpha 2HS).
  • Fetuins are now recognized as members of the cystatin superfamily.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the structural properties of six fully sequenced fetuins.
  • To review the diverse in vitro properties claimed for fetuin/alpha 2HS.
  • To discuss the in vivo roles and functional significance of fetuins.

Main Methods:

  • Structural comparison of six sequenced fetuins.
  • Literature review of in vitro properties.
  • Analysis of in vivo distribution and roles.

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Main Results:

  • Fetuins share structural homology within the cystatin superfamily.
  • Despite homology, reported in vitro properties vary significantly.
  • Fetuins are involved in the acute phase response.
  • Fetuins are present in developing neocortex cells across species.

Conclusions:

  • Fetuins and alpha 2HS glycoprotein are structurally related members of the cystatin superfamily.
  • The diverse reported properties highlight the complexity of fetuin function.
  • Fetuins have conserved roles in acute phase response and brain development.