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Dependence of Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Results on Pulse Energies and Timing Parameters Using Soil Simulants
Published on: September 24, 2013
Frequency and temperature dependence of electrical breakdown at 21, 30, and 39 GHz
H H Braun1, S Döbert, I Wilson
1European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), CH 1211 Geneva 23, Switzerland.
Researchers investigated electrical breakdown in high-frequency accelerating structures for future particle colliders. Copper cavities showed high surface fields (300-400 MV/m) independent of frequency or temperature, crucial for designing compact TeV-range electron-positron colliders.
Area of Science:
- High-energy particle physics
- Accelerator science and engineering
Background:
- Future TeV-range electron-positron linear colliders are key for extending the high-energy frontier.
- High accelerating gradients are essential for compact collider designs.
- Electrical breakdown is a primary limitation for accelerating gradients in normal-conducting structures.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the frequency dependence of electrical breakdown in accelerating structures.
- To determine the influence of temperature on breakdown behavior.
- To assess the feasibility of high-gradient acceleration for future colliders.
Main Methods:
- Scaled single-cell copper cavities were tested at 21, 30, and 39 GHz.
- Electrical breakdown limits were measured across different frequencies.
- The effect of varying temperatures on breakdown was systematically studied.
Main Results:
- Maximum obtainable surface fields in copper cavities ranged from 300 to 400 MV/m.
- No significant dependence of breakdown on frequency was observed.
- Temperature variations did not substantially affect the breakdown field limits.
Conclusions:
- The findings suggest that high accelerating gradients are achievable in copper structures.
- The lack of strong frequency or temperature dependence simplifies the design of future high-frequency linear colliders.
- These results support the development of compact TeV-scale electron-positron colliders.
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